Aluminium ine kutenderera kwehupenyu iyo mashoma mamwe masimbi anogona kuenderana.Inoshingirira mukuora uye inogona kudzokororwa yadzokororwa yadzokororwa, ichingoda chidimbu chesimba rinoshandiswa kugadzira simbi yekutanga.
Izvi zvinoita kuti aruminiyamu ive chinhu chakanakisa - yakaumbwa patsva uye yakadzokororwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa uye zvinonetsa zvenguva dzakasiyana uye zvigadzirwa.
Aluminium kukosha cheni
1. Bauxite mining
Kugadzirwa kweAluminium kunotanga neiyo mbishi bauxite, iyo ine 15-25% aruminiyamu uye inowanikwa mubhandi rakatenderedza equator.Kune anenge 29 bhiriyoni matani ezvinozivikanwa zvakachengetwa zvebauxite uye pachiyero chazvino chekubvisa, aya matura anozogara isu makore anopfuura zana.Kune, zvisinei, zviwanikwa zvakakura zvisati zvawanikwa zvinogona kuwedzera izvo kusvika ku250-340 makore.
2. Alumina kunatsa
Uchishandisa iyo Bayer maitiro, alumina (aluminium oxide) inotorwa kubva mubauxite mune yekunatsa.Iyo alumina inobva yashandiswa kugadzira simbi yekutanga pachiyero che2: 1 (2 matani ealuminium = 1 tonne yealuminium).
3. Primary aluminum production
Iyo atomu yealuminium mualuminium inosungirirwa kuokisijeni uye inoda kutyorwa ne electrolysis kuti ibudise simbi yealuminium.Izvi zvinoitwa mumitsetse mikuru yekugadzira uye inzira ine simba rinoda magetsi akawanda.Kushandisa simba rinovandudzwa uye kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza nzira dzedu dzekugadzira inzira yakakosha yekuzadzisa chinangwa chedu chekuve tisina kwatakarerekera mumararamiro ehupenyu panosvika 2020.
4. Aluminium yakagadzirwa
Hydro inopa musika nematani anopfuura mamirioni matatu ealuminium casthouse zvigadzirwa gore negore, zvichiita kuti isu tive mutungamiri anotungamira we extrusion ingot, sheet ingot, foundry alloys uye yakakwirira-kuchena aluminium nekuvapo kwepasirese.Izvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa kwekutanga aluminium ndeye extruding, rolling uye kukanda:
4.1 Aluminium extruding
Extrusion inobvumira kuumba aluminium kuita chero chimiro chaungafungidzire uchishandisa akagadzirira-akagadzirwa kana akagadzirirwa profiles.
4.2 Aluminium rolling
Iyo aluminium foil yaunoshandisa mukicheni yako muenzaniso wakanaka weyakakungurutswa aruminiyamu chigadzirwa.Nekuda kwekunyanya kusarongeka kwayo, aruminiyamu inogona kukungurutswa kubva pa60 cm kusvika pa2 mm uye yozogadziridzwa kuita foil yakatetepa kunge 0.006 mm uye ichiri kusapinda zvachose kuchiedza, kunhuhwirira uye kuravira.
4.3 Aluminium kukandira
Kugadzira alloy neimwe simbi inoshandura zvimiro zvealuminium, kuwedzera simba, kupenya uye/kana ductility.Zvigadzirwa zvedu zvecasthouse, senge extrusion ingots, sheet ingots, foundry alloys, waya waya uye high purity aluminium, inoshandiswa mumotokari, kutakura, zvivakwa, kupisa kupisa, zvemagetsi uye nendege.
5. Kudzokorora
Kudzokororazve aruminiyamu kunoshandisa 5% chete yesimba rinodiwa kugadzira simbi yekutanga.Zvakare, aruminiyamu haina kushatisa kubva mukudzokorodza uye ingangoita makumi manomwe neshanu muzana ealuminium yese yakambogadzirwa ichiri kushandiswa.Chinangwa chedu ndechekukura nekukurumidza kupfuura musika mukudzokorodza uye kutora chinzvimbo chinotungamira muchikamu chekudzokorodza chearuminiyamu kukosha kweketani, kudzoreredza 1 miriyoni matani eyakasvibiswa uye post-vatengi zvimedu zvealuminium gore negore.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-02-2022